The debate between gold and Bitcoin centers on their respective roles as sound money, with gold being favored for its historical stability and intrinsic value, while Bitcoin is seen as a speculative digital currency with potential advantages but significant uncertainties.
Bitcoin’s Unique Properties
Bitcoin’s divisibility allows it to be broken down into 100 million units called Satoshis, with potential for further division through soft fork updates to micro-Satoshis (msats), enabling adaptation to changing purchasing power and transaction sizes.
Bitcoin’s unforgeable costliness in digital form, like gold’s in physical form, is derived from the energy expenditure in mining, protecting it from counterfeiting and giving it value.
Bitcoin’s natively digital, non-physical nature allows it to be moved at the speed of light and custodied in highly secure ways, including multi-key custody schemas similar to those used for nuclear launch codes.
Bitcoin vs Gold
Bitcoin is considered the world’s first pure money with 0% industrial use value but high monetary use value, while gold’s industrial uses provide a foundation for its value as a store of value.
Bitcoin’s 15-year history and lack of intrinsic value make it less likely to be valued in the future compared to gold’s 5,000-year history and industrial uses.
Bitcoin optimizes price discovery and serves as a unit of account better than gold due to its fixed supply of 21 million, making it difficult to inflate and enabling movement of purchasing power across both time and space without trust in counterparties.
Economic Implications
The dollar’s value has decreased 80% since 1971 when the US temporarily detached it from gold, transforming it into a fiat currency with no underlying value.
Bitcoin’s volatility is a function of price discovery, which tends to subside as the market cap of any asset increases, with its price volatility against other assets declining as it has grown.
Challenges and Criticisms
Bitcoin’s scalability issues make it impractical for everyday transactions, unable to process transactions like Visa or MasterCard, even with the Lightning Network.
Bitcoin’s price volatility and potential collapse make it unsuitable as a store of value, as it could easily decline to $10,000 or lower.
Bitcoin’s centralized nature and lack of decentralization make it vulnerable to government control, potentially leading to regulation following a speculative bubble crash.